Aaron Bergman's Old Tongue Dictionary#

This dictionary was compiled by Aaron Bergman in 1998 and remains one of the best Old Tongue references. It is reproduced here in its entirety.

Aaron, since it disappeared from the UT website, we have been unable to find an official copy of The Compleat Old Tongue on the web to link and we do not have current contact information for you. If you happen to see this, please drop us a line and let us know if we have your permission to keep this copy on EWoT (in which case we will acknowledge the permission) or not (in which case we will remove it).

THE COMPLEAT OLD TONGUE 2.0#

A compilation of the documents of me, BAClubb, Mark, and Andrea Leistra. Also drawn upon is the long letter that Don Harlow was nice enough to send. I compiled, typed, and edited this document. I did not, however, find most of the words. Robert Jordan has written a letter on the subject. It is available here. Many people have also sent e-mails with words and other suggestions.

LINGUISTIC COMMENTARY#

In an attempt to provide a definition for the majority of cases, certain linguistic assumptions were made that seem to be characteristic of the majority, although not all, of the Old Tongue statements in the series. These are assumptions about word order. The first is the characteristic word order of the sentence: predicate-verb-subject. Many of the sentences follow this with the notable exception of "Tia mi aven Moridin isainde vadin." In my opinion. For more information on this exception, see the corresponding entry. It has been suggested that I also assume that the adjective would precede the noun, but there are numerous examples that seem to contradict this, so I have elected not to do this. By looking at the cross-referenced phrase, one can draw one's own conclusions. Many assumptions have also been made based on the idea that "an", "in" and "en" all seem to indicate pluralization. One of the major problems with attempting to compile this list is that I do not believe that Mr. Jordan made an effort to provide a basis for the Old Tongue until after The Eye of the World. This is evidenced by the failure of phrases like "Tia mi aven Moridin isainde vadin" to follow established word order. Jordan has said that this is not true, however.

EXCLUSIONS#

After thinking about it, I have decided to not include phrases from the Language of the Fourth Age, the Ogian Language and the Trolloc Language.

Key: ? indicates uncertainty

Words and fragments#

a
preposition or article
a'dam
the leash, see "dam"
a'vron
watcher, see "vron"
aan
one
aan'allein
one man. See "aan" and "allein"
aethan
shelds. See phrase "aethan dor"
aiel
dedicated
ailen
???. See "ta'maral'ailen"
ain
is. See note 1
al
the or of the
al'cair'rahienallen
the golden dawn hill. See "cair", "rahien" and "allen"
alcair
the golden. See "cair"
algai'd'siswai
the fighters of spear. See "gai" and "siswai"
alantin
brother
aldazar
the eagle. See "dazar"
aldieb
westwind
algode
cotton
allein
man
allen
hill
allende
??? . See phrase "Muad'drin..."
aman
dragon
an
/pluralization/ . See note 2
angreal
tool of the power
aridhol
a city of the second covenant
asa
you
asmodean
/contraction of real name?/
aso
it
atha
person
atha'an
peoples. See "atha" and "an"
aven
call
avende
tree
avendesora
the Tree of Life
avendoraldera
Cutting/Sapling of Tree of Life
ayende
release/freedom
baha
??? /see <A HREF = "#nar'baha">"nar'baha"</A>/
balthamel
??? /a Forsaken/
>bajad
??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phBajad">"bajad drovja"</A>/
be'lal
??? /a Forsaken/
bekkar
?= blood
ca
??? /see <A HREF = "#ca'lyet">"ca'lyet"</A>/
ca'lyet
do come /conjugation of "to come"/
cab
?= free /see <A HREF = "#note3">note 3</A>/
caba
horse
caba'donde
a horse to ride /see <A HREF = "#caba">"caba"</A>, <A HREF = "#donde">"donde"</A>/
caba'drin
cavalry/horsemen
caballein
free man /see <A HREF = "#cab">"cab"</A> and <A HREF = "#allein">"allein"</A> and <A HREF = "#note3">note 3</A>/
cadin
?= clothes /see <A HREF = "#cadin'sor">"cadin'sor"</A>/
cadin'sor
working clothes
cair
gold
cal
red
caldazar
red eagle /see <A HREF = "#cal">"cal"</A> and <A HREF = "#dazar">"dazar"</A>/
calhar
red hand /see <A HREF = "#cal">"cal"</A> and <A HREF = "#har">"har"</A>/
calichniye
welcome
car
chief
car'a'carn
Chief of Chiefs
carai
for the honor /or/ honor
carn
chiefs
chalinda
sweet girl
choss
???
con
banner
concion
summons
conje
a type of needle
cour
trap /see <A HREF = "#cour'souvra">"cour'souvra"</A>/
cour'souvra
mindtrap
cor
night
corenne
return
cova</A> = owner /see <A HREF = "#mia'cova">"mia'cova"</A>/
covale</A> ?= owned one /see <A HREF = "#da'covale">"da'covale"</A>/
cuanda</A> = ???
cue</A> = heart
cueran</A> = ???
cuebiyar</A> = heart
cuebiyari</A> = hearts /see <A HREF = "#cue">"cue"</A> and phrase <A HREF = "#phValdar">"valdar cuebiyari"</A>/
cuendillar</A> = heartstone
d</A> = of
da</A> ?= superlative /see phrase <A HREF = "#phDa'es">"da'es daemar"</A> and <A HREF = "#da'shain">"da'shain"</A>/
da'covale</A> = person who is owned
da'es</A> ?= great /see phrase <A HREF = "#phDa'es">"da'es daemar"</A>/
da'shain</A> ?= true peace /see <A HREF = "#note4">note 4</A> and phrase <A HREF = "#phDa'shain">"da'shain aiel"</A>/
da'tsang</A> = despised one
dadaranell</A> = ??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phMafal">"mafal dadaranell"</A>/
daemar</A> = game /see phrase <A HREF = "#phDa'es">"da'es daemar"</A>/
daghain</A> = fear /see phrase <A HREF = "#phMordero">"Mordero..."</A>/
dai</A> = battle /see <A HREF = "#note4">note 4</A>/
daishar</A> = glory /perhaps literally "battle blood"/
dal</A> = bowl
dam</A> = leash
damane</A> = leashed one /see <A HREF = "#dam">"dam"</A> and <A HREF = "#aan">"aan"</A>/
dar</A> = ??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phMuad'drin">"Muad'drin..."</A>/
dar</A> = sister
darei</A> = spears
dareis</A> = spear
dazar</A> = eagle
demandred</A> = ??? /a forsaken/
deveniye</A> = majesty
din</A> = brother
diynen</A> = sounder /see <A HREF = "#diynen'd">"diynen'd'ma'purvene"</A>/
diynen'd'ma'purvene</A> = Sounder of the Horn /see phrase <A HREF = "#phNosane">"Nosane..."</A>/
do</A> ?= over /a preposition/
doon</A> = ??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSeia">"seia doon"</A>/
domashita</A> ?= warms /see phrase <A HREF = "#phNinte">"Ninte..."</A>/
domorakoshi</A> = language /see phrase <A HREF = "#phNosane">"Nosane..."</A>/
don</A> = ??? /see <A HREF = "gar'don">"gai'don"</A>/
donde</A> ?= to ride /see <A HREF = "caba'donde">"caba'donde"</A>/
dor</A> ?= red /see phrase <A HREF = "#phAethan">"aethan dor"</A>/
>dornat</A> = some sort of hunting creature
dore</A> ?= dancer /see <A HREF = "#n'dore">"n'dore"</A>/
dovie</A> = /rel. to luck/ /see <A HREF = "#dovie'andi">"dovie'andi"</A> and <A HREF = "dovienya">"dovienya"</A>/
dovie'andi</A> ?= dice /see phrase <A HREF = "#phDovie'andi">"Dovie'andi..."</A>/
dovienya</A> = luck
drelle</A> = river of
drin</A> = soldiers
drovja</A> = ??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phBajad">"bajad drovja"</A>/
duadhe</A> ?= water
duente</A> = holds /see phrase <A HREF = "#phMordero">"Mordero..."</A>/
dyo</A> = by
e</A> = and
en</A> = /pluralization/ /see <A HREF = "#jeade'en">"jeade'en"</A>, <A HREF = "#shae'en">"shae'en"</A> and <A HREF = "#note2">note 2</A>/
es</A> = ??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phDa'es">"da'es daemar"</A>/
ellisande</A> = rose of the sun
faile</A> = falcon
far</A> = of
ga</A> ?= is /see phrase <A HREF = "#phKodome">"Kodome..."</A>/
gai</A> = battle /See <A HREF = "#note4">note 4</A>/
gai'don</A> = ??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phTarmon">"tarmon gai'don"</A>/
gai'shain</A> = pledged to peace in battle /see <A HREF = "#note4">note 4</A>/
gaidin</A> = battle brother /warder/ /see <A HREF = "#gai">"gai"</A> and <A HREF = "#din">"din"</A>/
govane</A> = what /see phrase <A HREF = "#phNosane">"Nosane..."</A>/
graendal</A> = ??? /a forsaken/
hael</A> = ??? /see <A HREF = "#m'hael">"m'hael"</A>/
hailene</A> = forerunners
hame</A> = mountain /See phrase <A HREF = "#phHama">"Hama N'dore"</A>/
har</A> = hand
haran</A> ?= hand of /see phrase <A HREF = "#phShaidar">"Shaidar Haran"</A>/
hei</A> = always
in</A> ?= /pluralization/ /see <A HREF = "#note2">note 2</A>/
inde</A> = no /or/ not /general negation/
iro</A> = we /see phrase <A HREF = "#phNosane">"Nosane..."</A>/
isain</A> = is /see <A HREF = "#note1">note 1</A>/
isainde</A> = isn't /contraction/ /see <A HREF = "#isain">"isain"</A> and <A HREF = "#inde">"inde"</A>/
isha</A> ?= betrayer /possibly no 'a'/
ishamael</A> = betrayer of hope /a Forsaken/ /see <A HREF = "#isha">"isha"</A> and <A HREF = "#mael">"mael"</A>/
jeade</A> = /contranction of "jenn" and something?/ /see <A HREF = "#jeade'en">"jeade'en"</A>/
jeade'en</A> = true finder
jegal</A> = scaled animal
jenn</A> = truly /or/ true
jhin</A> = ??? /see <A HREF = "#so'jhin">"so'jhin"</A>/
ji</A> = honor
kardon</A> = green skinned fruit from a leafless spiny plant
kiserai</A> = glory
kjasic</A> = expletive
kodome</A> ?= here /see phrase <A HREF = "#phKodome">"Kodome..."</A>/
lanfear</A> = daughter of the night /a forsaken/
logoth</A> ?= waiting /see phrase <A HREF = "#phShadar">"shadar logoth"</A>/
los</A> = forward
lyet</A> = ??? /see <A HREF = "#ca'lyet">"ca'lyet"</A>/
m</A> = ??? /prefix?/ /see <A HREF = "#m'hael">"m'hael"</A> and <A HREF = "#m'taal">"m'taal"</A>/
m'hael</A> = leader
m'taal</A> ?= dogs /see phrase <A HREF = "#phShae'en">"shae'en m'taal"</A>/
ma</A> = the /see <A HREF = "#diynen'd">"diynen'd'ma'purvene"</A>/
ma'vron</A> ?= watchers over the sea /contraction/ /see <A HREF = "#miere">"miere"</A> and <A HREF = "#vron">"vron"</A>/
machin</A> = ??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phMachin">"machin shin"</A>/
mad</A> = ??? /see <A HREF = "#sha'mad">"sha'mad"</A>/
mael</A> = hope
mafal</A> = ??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phMafal">"mafal dadaranell"</A>/
mahdi</A> = seeker
mahdi'in</A> = seeker(s) /suffix is pluralization?/
mai</A> = maiden(s)
man</A> = /related to sword or blade/ /see <A HREF = "#mandarb">"mandarb"</A>, <A HREF = "#manshima">"manshima"</A>/
mandarb</A> = blade
manetheren</A> = mountain home
manetherendrelle</A> = waters of mountain home /see <A HREF = "#manetheren">"manetheren"</A> and <A HREF = "#drelle">"drelle"</A>/
manshima</A> ?= sword /see <A HREF = "#man">"man"</A>, phrase <A HREF = "#phSuravye">"Suravye..."</A>/
maral</A> = ??? /see <A HREF = "#ta'maral'ailen">"ta'maral'ailen"</A>/
marath</A> ?= those who must /see <A HREF = "#marath'damane">"marath'damane"</A>/
marath'damane</A> = those who must be leashed /see <A HREF = "#damane">"damane"</A>/
mashadar</A> = the creature in Shadar Logoth /see <A HREF = "#shadar">"shadar"</A>/
mashiara</A> = beloved of heart /or/ a love lost
mera</A> ?= nothing
mera'din</A> = brotherless
mesaana</A> = ??? /a forsaken/
mi</A> = my
mia</A> = my
mia'cova</A> = my owner
miere</A> = ocean/waves
misain</A> = am /see <A HREF = "#note1">note 1</A>/
moghedien</A> ?= spider /a forsaken/
mordero</A> = death /see phrase <A HREF = "#phMordero">"Mordero..."</A>/
Moridin</A> = the grave /as in death/
moridin</A> = grave /or/ tomb
muad</A> = foot
muad'drin</A> = ??? /see <A HREF = "#muad">"muad"</A> and <A HREF = "#drin">"drin"</A>/
muaghde</A> ?= meat
n'dore</A> ?= dancers /See phrase <A HREF = "#phHama">"hama n'dore"</A>/
nar</A> = ??? /see <A HREF = "#nar'baha">"nar'baha"</A>/
nar'baha</A> = fool box
nei</A> ?= knife /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSovin">"sovin nei"</A>/
ni</A> = ??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phKodome">"Kodome..."</A>/
niende</A> ?= lost /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSa">"Sa souvraya..."</A>/
ninte</A> = your
ninto</A> = your
no</A> = me /first person singular pre-verb direct object pronoun/
nosane</A> = speak /see phrase <A HREF = "#phNosane">"Nosane..."</A>/
oosquai</A> ?= whiskey /or some other alchoholic beverage/
ordeith</A> = wormwood
pas</A> = none /see phrase <A HREF = "#phMordero">"Mordero..."</A>/
purvene</A> = horn /see <A HREF = "#diynen'd">"diynen'd'ma'purvene"</A>/
rahien</A> = dawn
rahvin</A> = ??? /a forsaken/
rhadiem</A> = ??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phMuad'drin">"Muad'drin..."</A>/
rhyagelle</A> = those who come home
sa</A> = /superlative prefix/
sa">sa</A> ?= in /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSa">"Sa souvraya..."</A>/
sa'angreal">sa'angreal
very strong Power channel /see <A HREF = "#sa">"sa"</A> and <A HREF = "#angreal">"angreal"</A>/
sa'sara">sa'sara
"superlative" dance /see <A HREF = "#sa">"sa"</A> and <A HREF = "#sara">"sara"</A>/
sag">sag</A
time /see "sagain"/
sagain">sagain
it's time /see <A HREF = "#sag">"sag"</A>, <A HREF = "#ain">"ain"</A> and phrase <A HREF = "#phDovie'andi">"Dovie'andi..."</A>/
sai
/related to power/
saidar
female half of power /see <A HREF = "#sai">"sai"</A> and <A HREF = "#dar">"dar"</A>/
saidin
male half of power /see <A HREF = "#sai">"sai"</A> and <A HREF = "#din">"din"</A>/
sam
destroyer
sammael">sammael
destroyer of hope /a forsaken/ /see <A HREF = "#sam">"sam"</A> and <A HREF = "#mael">"mael"</A>/
sar
she
sara
dance /see <A HREF = "#sa'sara">"sa'sara"</A>/
se
themselves /reflexive pre-verb pronoun/
segade">segade
cactus
seia
??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSeia">"seia doon"</A>/
semirhage">semirhage
??? /a forsaken/
sene">sene
as/like /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSene">"Sene..."</A>/
serenla">serenla
stubborn daughter
sha
??? /see <A HREF = "#sha'mad">"sha'mad"</A>/
shaidar">shaidar
dark /see phrase "Shaidar Haran"/
sha'mad
??? /see phrase "sha'mad conde"/
shadar
shadow /see phrase <A HREF = "#phShadar">"shadar logoth"</A>, <A HREF = "#mashadar">"mashadar"</A>/
shae
dog /see <A HREF = "#shae'en">"shae'en"</A>/
shae'en
dogs /see phrase <A HREF = "#phShae'en">"shae'en m'taal"</A>/
shaiel
she who is dedicated /see <A HREF = "#aiel">aiel</A>/
shain
peace /see <A HREF = "#note4">note 4</A>/
shambayan
chamberlain
shan
lord
shar
blood /see <A HREF = "#tai'shar">"tai'shar"</A> and <A HREF = "#daishar">"daishar"</A>/
shari
bloods /plural of <A HREF = "#shar">"shar"</A>/
shatayan
chatelaine
shen
band
shoufa
dustveil
sin
he
siswai
spear
siswai'aman
spear of the dragon
so
??? /see <A HREF = "#so'jhin">"so'jhin"</A>/
sofar
???
so'jhin
/hereditary upper servants of the blood/
sor
working /see <A HREF = "#cadin'sor">"cadin'sor"</A>/
sorda
rat
sorei
runner(s)
sovin
hands /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSovin">"sovin nei"</A>/
souvra
mind /see "<A HREF = "#souvra">cour'souvra"</A>/
souvraya
my own mind /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSa">"Sa souvraya..."</A>/
sovya
another /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSene">"Sene..."</A>/
staera
copper scraping stick
sul
holder /see <A HREF = "#sul'dam">"sul'dam"</A>/
sul'dam
leash holder /see <A HREF = "#dam">"dam"</A>/
suravye
??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSuravye">"Suravye..."</A>/
sursa
chopsticks
t'mat
tomato
ta
/rel. to pattern/
ta'maral'ailen
web of destiny /around ta'veren/ /see <A HREF = "#ta">"ta"</A>/
ta'veren
focal point of pattern /see <A HREF = "#ta">"ta"</A>/
taal
??? /see <A HREF = "#m'taal">"m'taal"</A>/
tai
true /see <A HREF = "#tai'shar">"tai'shar"</A>/
tai'shar
true blood
tain
/plural of <A HREF = "#tai">"tai"</A>/
taishite
??? /see phrase <A HREF = "#phSuravye">"Suravye..."</A>/
tarmon
?= last /see phrase <A HREF = "#phTarmon">"tarmon gai'don"</A>/
tcheran
a strategy game
tel'aran'rhiod
world of dreams /or/ unseen world
ter
??? /see <A HREF = "#ter'angreal">"ter'angreal"</A>/
ter'angreal
object that directs or uses one power /see <A HREF = "#angreal">"angreal"</A>/
ti
to
tia
to
toh
obligation/duty
tovya
roll /probably third person plural reflexive form/
tsag
expletive
tsang
hated one /see <A HREF = "#da'tsang">"da'tsang"</A>/
tuatha
/contraction involving <A HREF = "#atha">"atha"</A>./
tuatha'an
Traveling People /see <A HREF = "#tuatha">"tuatha"</A> and <A HREF = "#atha'an">"atha'an"</A>/
vadin
bar/barrier
val
guard. See "valdar" and "valon"
valdar
Rel. to "guard". See "val" and phrase "valdar cuebiyari"
valdon
that guards. See "val" and phrase "tar valon"
vron
watcher(s)
wansho
builder(s)
ya
my own (suffix). See "souvraya"
ye
I
zemai
maize or corn

Notes#

  • Note 1: "Misain", "isain" and "ain" all appear to be forms of the verb "to be".
  • Note 2: According to Jordan, the -n or -i suffix can both mean pluralization.
  • Note 3: "Caballein", it has been suggested, might be a contraction of "caba" and "allein" meaning "horseman". The use of it as "free man" would then be a cultural thing. This would avoid the creation of the new word "cab" meaning "free".
  • Note 4: "Dai" and "gai" seem to both mean battle. Also, "Da'shain" and "Gai'shain" are very much alike. "Shain" seems to mean something along the lines of "sworn to peace". There is also "Dai Shan" which sounds somewhat alike but means "Battle Lord". Draw your own conclusions.

Phrases#

aes sedai</A> = servant to/of all <DL><DD>My guess is that this phrase should probably be translated "to all servant". Thus <A HREF = "#aes">"aes"</A> would probably be a contraction of <A HREF = "#a">"a"</A> and the word meaning "all". <A HREF = "#sedai">"Sedai"</A> would then mean servant.</DL>
aethan dor</A> = red shields <DL><DD>An aiel warrior society. Possibly the "-n" ending indicates that <A HREF = "#aethan">"aethan"</A> means shields, and thus <A HREF = "#dor">"dor"</A> would be another word for "red" in addition to <A HREF = "#cal">"cal"</A>.</DL>
al caldazar</A> = the red eagle <DL><DD>The sign of Manetheren. <A HREF = "#cal">"Cal"</A> means "red", and <A HREF = "#dazar">"dazar"</A> means "eagle".</DL>
al ellisande</A> = the rose of the sun <DL><DD>The sign for Aemon's wife, Eldrene. <A HREF = "#ellisande">"Ellisande"</A> can probably be divided into two words, but I have no idea how.</DL>
alcair dal</A> = the golden bowl <DL><DD> An aiel meeting place. <A HREF = "#cair">"Cair"</A> means "gold" and <A HREF = "#dal">"dal"</A> means bowl.</DL>
atha'an miere</A> = the sea folk <DL><DD>Probably literally "people sea" as <A HREF = "#miere">"miere"</A> means "sea", <A HREF = "#atha'an">"atha'an"</A> is the pluralization of <A HREF = "#atha">"atha"</A> meaning "person"</DL>
bajad drovja</A> = ??? <DL><DD>An expletive of some sort.</DL>
The data "Caballein misain ye</A> = I am a free man <DL><DD>Probably literally "Free man am I". <A HREF = "#cab">"Cab"</A>. means "free", <A HREF = "#allein">"allein"</A> means "man", <A HREF = "#misain">"misain"</A> means "am", and <A HREF = "#ye">"ye"</A> means "I". See also0x5 <A HREF = "#note3">note 3</A> above.</DL>" is not legal for a JDOM character content: 0x0005 is not a legal XML character.
Carai an caldazar
For the honor of the red eagle. "Carai" means "honor", "an" is a preposition in this case, probably "of", "cal" means "red" and "dazar" means "eagle".
Carai an ellisande</A> = for the honor of the rose of the sun <DL><DD><A HREF = "#carai">"Carai"</A> means "honor", <A HREF = "#an">"an"</A> is a preposition meaning "of" and <A HREF = "#ellisande">"ellisande"</A> means "the rose of the sun".</DL>
cor darei</A> = night spears <DL><DD> An Aiel warrior society. <A HREF = "#cor">"Cor"</A> means "night" and <A HREF = "#darei">"darei"</A> means "spears".</DL>
da'es daemar</A> = the great game /or/ the game of the houses. <DL><DD>I have no idea what any of the two to three words in this phrase mean.</DL>
da'shain aiel</A> = true peace dedicated <DL><DD><A HREF = "#da'shain">"Da'shain"</A> might mean "true peace" or something greater than piece if <A HREF = "#da">"da"</A> is a superlative to <A HREF = "#shain">"shain"</A>'s "peace." <A HREF = "#aiel">"Aiel"</A> means dedicated. Also see <A HREF = "#note1">note 1</A> above for interpretation of da'shain.</DL>
dai shan</A> = battle lord <DL><DD><A HREF = "#dai">"Dai"</A> means "battle", <A HREF = "#shan">"shan"</A> means lord. See also <A HREF = "#note1">note 1</A> above.</DL>
Deveniye, dyo ninte concion ca'lyet ye</A> = Majesty, by your summons do I come <DL><DD><A HREF = "#deveniye">"Deveniye"</A> means "majesty", <A HREF = "#dyo">"dyo"</A> mean "by", <A HREF = "#ninte">"ninte"</A> means "your", <A HREF = "#concion">"concion"</A> means "summons", <A HREF = "#ca'lyet">"ca'lyet"</A> means "do come" and <A HREF = "#ye">"ye"</A> means "I".</DL>
do miere a'vron</A> = the watchers over the sea <DL><DD> Probably literally "over ocean, watchers". <A HREF = "#do">"Do"</A> means "over", <A HREF = "#miere">"miere"</A> means "ocean" and <A HREF = "#vron">"vron"</A> means "watchers".</DL>
Dovie'andi se tovya sagain</A> = It's time to roll the dice <DL><DD><A HREF = "#dovie">"Dovie"</A> seems to be related to <A HREF = "#dovienya">"dovienya"</A>. which means "luck". Following the normal sentence order, this probably means "Dice themselves roll time it is." Thus, <A HREF = "#dovie'andi">"Dovie'andi"</A> means "dice", <A HREF = "#se">"se"</A> is a relexive pronoun "themselves", <A HREF = "#tovya">"tovya"</A> is a conjugation of "to roll", <A HREF = "#sag">"sag"</A. means "time" and <A HREF = "#ain">"ain"</A> means "is". The only two that cross-reference, however, are <A HREF = "#ain">"ain"</A> and <A HREF = "#dovie'andi">"Dovie'andi"</A>.</DL>
duadhe mahdi'in</A> = water seekers <DL><DD> An Aiel warrior society. <A HREF = "#duadhe">"Duadhe"</A> means "water" and <A HREF = "#mahdi'in">"mahdi'in"</A> is the pluralistaion of <A HREF = "#mahdi">"mahdi"</A> which means "seeker".</DL>
far aldazar din</A> = brothers of the eagle <DL><DD> Probably literally "for the eagle, brother". An Aiel warrior society. <A HREF = "#far">"Far"</A> means "for", <A HREF = "#dazar">"dazar"</A> means "eagle" and <A HREF = "#din">"din"</A> means "brother".</DL>
far dareis mai</A> = maidens of the spear <DL><DD> Probably literally "for spear, maiden". The Aiel female warrior society. <A HREF = "#far">"Far"</A> means "for", <A HREF = "#darei">"darei"</A> means "spear", and <A HREF = "#mai">"mai"</A> means "maiden".</DL>
hama n'dore</A> = mountain dancers <DL><DD> An Aiel warrior society. I am guessing that the "n" on the second word indicates some form of pluralization. Thus, <A HREF = "#n'dore">"n'dore"</A> means "dancers" and <A HREF = "#hama">"hama"</A> means "mountain".</DL>
Inde muaghde Aes Sedai misain ye</A> = I am no Aes Sedai meat. <DL><DD>
Probably literally "not meat Aes Sedai am I" with the Aes Sedai modifying the preceding noun. <A HREF = "#inde">"Inde"</A> means negation, <A HREF = "#muaghde">"muaghde"</A> means "meat", <A HREF = "#misain">"misain"</A> means "am" and <A HREF = "#ye">"ye"</A> means "I".</DL>
jenn aiel</A> = the "true" aiel <DL><DD> Probably literally "truly dedicated". The name for the "tribe" of Aiel who built Rhuidean. <A HREF = "#jenn">"Jenn"</A> means "true" or "truly", and <A HREF = "#aiel">"aiel"</A> means "dedicated".</DL>
Kiserai ti wansho</A> = glory to the builders <DL><DD> <A HREF = "#kiserai">"Kiserai"</A> means "glory", <A HREF = "#ti">"ti"</A> means "to" and <A HREF = "#wansho">"wansho"</A> means "builders". </DL>
Kodome calichniye ga ni Aes Sedai hei</A> = Here is always a welcome for Aes Sedai <DL><DD> Probably literally "Here welcome is for Aes Sedai always". <A HREF = "#kodome">"Kodome"</A> probably means "here", <A HREF = "#calichniye">"calichniye"</A>. means "welcome", <A HREF = "#ga">"ga"</A> probably means "is", <A HREF = "#ni">"ni"</A> probably means "for" and <A HREF = "#hei">"hei"</A> means "always". This is a phrase from <I>The Eye of the World</I>, so neither the word order, nor the words seem to be standard, ie <A HREF = "#ga">"ga"</A> is not related to the <A HREF = "#ain">"ain"</A>. family of "to be" verbs.</DL>
Los caba'drin</A> = horsemen/cavalry forward <DL><DD><A HREF = "#los">"Los"</A> means "forward", <A HREF = "#caba">"caba"</A> means "horse" and <A HREF = "#drin">"drin"</A> means "soldier"</DL>
Los valdar cuebiyari</A> = Heart-guard foward <DL><DD><A HREF = "#los">"Los"</A> means "forward" and <A HREF = "#phValdar">"valdar cuebiyari"</A> means "the heart guard".</DL>
machin shin
the black wind. The wind in the ways. No idea on word order.
mafal dadaranell
old name for Fal Dara. No idea on any word.
Mia ayende, Aes Sedai
release me, Aes Sedai. Probably literally "my release/freedom, Aes Sedai". "Mia" means "my" and "ayende" means "release/freedom".
Mia dovienya nesodhin soende
???. Probably literally "My luck ??? ???". If the normal word order holds, "nesodhin" is the verb and "soende" is the subject. Mat says that this sounded like a "fervent wish".
Mordero daghain pas duente cuebiyar
Death fear none holds my heart. Translation is word for word.
Muad'drin tia dar allende caba'drin rhadiem
Footmen prepare to pass cavalry. Probably literally "Foot soldiers to ??? ??? horse soldiers ???". "Muad" means "foot", "drin" means "soldier", "tia" means "to" and "caba" means "horse"
Ninte calichniye no domashitsa</A> = Your welcome warms me <DL><DD> Probably literally "Your welcome me warms" with the direct object coming before the verb. <A HREF = "#ninte">"Ninte"</A> means "your", <A HREF = "#calchniye">"calichniye"</A> means "welcome", <A HREF = "#no">"no"</A>. means "me" and <A HREF = "#domashita">"domashita"</A> means "warms". Again, this is a phrase from <I>The Eye of the World</I>, so it does not follow the standard word order.</DL>
Nosane iro gavane domorakoshi, diynen'd'ma'purvene</A> = Speak we what language, Sounder of the Horn <DL><DD> Word for word translation.</DL>
rahien sorei</A> = dawn runners <DL><DD>An Aiel warrior society. <A HREF = "#rahien">"Rahien"</A> means "dawn" and <A HREF = "#sorei">"sorei"</A> means "runners".</DL>
Sa souvraya niende misain ye</A> = I am lost in my own mind. <DL><DD> Probably literally "In my own mind lost am I". <A HREF = "#sa">"Sa"</A> probably means "in", <A HREF = "#souvraya">"souvraya"</A> probably means "my own mind", <A HREF = "#niende">"niende"</A> probably means "lost", <A HREF = "#misain">"misain"</A> means "am" and <A HREF = "#ye">"ye"</A> means "I".</DL>
seia doon</A> = black eyes <DL><DD>An Aiel warrior society. No idea on word order.</DL>
Sene sovya caba'donde ain dovienya</A> = Luck is a horse to ride like any other. <DL><DD> Probably literally "As/like another a horse to ride is luck". Thus, <A HREF = "#sene">"sene"</A> means "as/like", <A HREF = "#sovya">"sovya"</A>. means "another", <A HREF = "#donde">"donde"</A> means to ride, <A HREF = "#ain">"ain"</A> means "is" and <A HREF = "#dovienya">"dovienya"</A> means "luck".</DL>
shaidar haran</A> = hand of the dark <DL><DD> <A HREF = "#shaidar">"Shaidar"</A> means "dark". <A HREF = "#haran">"haran"</A> means "hand of".</DL>
sha'mad conde</A> = thunder walkers <DL><DD> An Aiel warrior society. No idea on word order.</DL>
shadar logoth</A> = shadow's waiting <DL><DD> The present name for Aridhol. <A HREF = "#shadar">"Shadar"</A> probably means "shadow" and <A HREF = "#logoth">"logoth"</A> probably means waiting.</DL>
shae'en m'taal</A> = stone dogs <DL><DD> An Aiel warrior society. Because of the plural <A HREF = "#en">"en"</A> ending, <A HREF = "#shae'en">"shae'en"</A> probably means "dogs", and thus, <A HREF = "#m'taal">"m'taal"</A> probably means "stone".</DL>
shen an calhar</A> = the band of the red hand <DL><DD> <A HREF = "#band">"Shen"</A> means "band", <A HREF = "#an">"an"</A> means "of", <A HREF = "#cal">"cal"</A> means "red" and <A HREF = "#har">"har"</A> means "hand".</DL>
sovin nai</A> = knife hands <DL><DD> An Aiel warrior society. Because of the plural <A HREF = "#in">"in"</A> ending, <A HREF = "#sovin">"sovin"</A> probably means "hands" and thus, <A HREF = "#nai">"nai"</A> probably means "knife".</DL>
Suravye ninto manshima taishite</A> = Peace favor your sword <DL><DD> Probably literally means "??? your sword ???". No idea on the unknown word order. <A HREF = "#ninto">"Ninto"</A> means "your" and <A HREF = "#manshima">"manshima"</A> probably means "sword" as <A HREF = "#man">"man"</A>. is also present in <A HREF = "#mandarb">"mandarb".</A>.</DL>
tain shari</A> = true bloods <DL><DD> An Aiel warrior society. <A HREF = "#tain">"Tain"</A> is the plural of <A HREF = "#tai">"tai"</A> and <A HREF = "#shari">"shari"</A> is the plural of <A HREF = "#shar">"shar"</A>. No idea on word order. See also <A HREF = "#tai'shar">"tai'shar"</A>.</DL>
tar valon</A> = tower that guards <DL><DD> <A HREF = "#valon">"Valon"</A> is probably related to "val"</A> which probably means "guard", thus <A HREF = "#tar">"tar"</A> probably means "tower".</DL>
tarmon gai'don</A> = last battle <DL><DD> <A HREF = "#gai">"Gai"</A> means battle which seems to imply that <A HREF = "#tarmon">"tarmon"</A> might mean "last", but "last battle" may not be a correct translation.</DL>
tia avende alantin
Ogier <DL><DD> Probably literally "to the trees brother". <A HREF = "#tia">"Tia"</A> means "to", <A HREF = "#avende">"avende"</A> means "tree" and <A HREF = "#alantin">"alantin"</A> means "brother".</DL>
Tia mi aven Moridin isainde vadin
The grave is no bar to my call. <DL><DD> The phrase on the Horn of Valere. Probably literally "To my call, death isn't bar". <A HREF = "#tia">"Tia"</A> means "to", <A HREF = "#mi">"mi"</A> means "my", <A HREF = "#aven">"aven"</A> means "call", <A HREF = "#moridin">"Moridin"</A> means "death", <A HREF = "#isainde">"isainde"</A> means "isn't", and <A HREF = "#vadin">"vadin"</A> means "bar" or "barrier".</DL>
valdar cuebiyari
the heart guard <DL><DD>;"Val":probably means "guard" and <A HREF = "#cue">"cue"</A> means "heart". The interesting thing here is that <A HREF = "#dar">"dar"</A> means "sister". I am not sure what to make of this.</DL>

Aaron Bergman

10/14/98